📊 Life Insurance Statistics & Reality Check

44%

of households without life insurance say they would face immediate financial hardship if primary earner died

1 in 5

families had to borrow money or take on debt due to unexpected death of a family member

$250K

average policy size - far below what most families actually need

$100K+

average debt taken on by surviving spouses without adequate life insurance coverage

$171

average monthly cost for $500K 20-year term policy for healthy 30-year-old

67%

overestimate the cost of term life insurance by 3x or more

⚠️ The Hidden Cost of Inadequate Coverage

Life insurance isn't about you—it's about protecting the people who depend on your income. Without adequate coverage, your family faces devastating financial consequences beyond the emotional loss. They may lose their home, derail college plans, exhaust retirement savings, or take on crushing debt just to maintain their basic standard of living.

The worst part? Most people dramatically underestimate their actual coverage needs while simultaneously overestimating the cost. A $1 million term life policy for a healthy 35-year-old costs less than most people's monthly streaming subscriptions—yet it protects decades of earning potential and ensures your family's financial security.

Life insurance is one of the most important financial tools you can have—yet it's widely misunderstood, often avoided, and frequently sold incorrectly. At its core, life insurance serves one critical purpose: replacing your income and protecting your family's financial future if you die unexpectedly.

Let's address the elephant in the room: many people avoid thinking about life insurance because they're "too busy" or harbor a superstitious fear that buying a policy will somehow tempt fate. (Spoiler alert: insurance actuaries have crunched the numbers for over a century—buying life insurance doesn't make you more likely to need it. If anything, the universe is more likely to test the unprepared.) The irony is that avoiding this uncomfortable topic for 30 minutes today could condemn your family to years of financial struggle tomorrow.

This calculator helps you determine exactly how much coverage you need using the DIME method (Debt, Income, Mortgage, Education), which accounts for your family's actual financial obligations. Whether you're a primary earner, a stay-at-home parent, or somewhere in between, proper life insurance ensures your family can maintain their standard of living, pay off debts, and achieve long-term goals even in your absence.

🔍 Understanding Term vs Whole Life Insurance

Before calculating how much insurance you need, it's crucial to understand the two main types of life insurance—because choosing the wrong type can cost you tens or even hundreds of thousands of dollars over your lifetime.

🚨 Why Do Agents Push Whole Life?

Follow the money. Insurance agents earn massive commissions on whole life policies—often 50-110% of your first year's premium, compared to just 30-55% for term life. On a $5,000/year whole life premium, that's $2,500-$5,500 in the agent's pocket versus $150-$275 for the same coverage amount in term life.

Red Flags to Watch For:

  • "Forced savings discipline" - If you need insurance to save, that's a separate problem to address
  • "Tax-free growth" - The returns are so low that tax advantages rarely matter; plus you have Roth IRAs and 401(k)s
  • "Borrow against cash value" - You're borrowing your own money at interest
  • "It's an investment" - It's a terrible investment with high fees and poor returns
  • "You're young, lock in low rates now" - Term rates are already incredibly low when young
  • "Buy term and invest the difference won't work" - Statistically, it works far better

The Reality: "Buy term and invest the difference" has been proven mathematically superior for the vast majority of people. Use term life for protection, and invest the premium savings in actual investments (401k, IRA, taxable accounts) for far better long-term results.

Understanding Building Wealth vs. Preserving Wealth

There's an important distinction between building wealth and preserving wealth. If you're still accumulating assets (which describes most working Americans), your focus should be on building wealth through proper investments—not insurance products with 1-3% returns. Whole life insurance is occasionally appropriate for ultra-high-net-worth individuals focused on estate tax planning and wealth preservation, but that's a tiny percentage of the population.

The "I Want Something Back" Trap

Some people resist term life insurance because they hate the idea of paying premiums for years and "getting nothing back" if they don't die. Here's the reality check: insurance isn't an investment—it's protection. You hope you never need it.

Think about your car insurance. Do you complain that you "wasted money" on auto insurance if you didn't file a claim this year? Of course not—you're grateful you didn't need it! The same principle applies to life insurance. The goal is to protect your family if the unthinkable happens, not to make a profit. If you outlive your term policy, that's a win—you protected your family during the years they needed it, and now they don't need it anymore because you've built wealth and they're financially independent.

The money you save by choosing term over whole life—when invested properly—will leave you far wealthier than any whole life policy's cash value ever could. That's what you "get back."

💰 Life Insurance Calculator

Calculate your life insurance needs based on your family situation and financial obligations.

Spouse 1 Information (Primary Earner)

Gross annual income before taxes

Spouse 2 Information (if applicable)

Enter $0 for stay-at-home parent

Household Financial Information

Car loans, student loans, credit cards, etc.
Current balance owed on home
Typical cost: $10,000-$20,000
Assets that reduce insurance need
Current coverage through employer or personal

Income Replacement & Children's Needs

Typical: 10-15 years until children independent
4-year public: ~$100K; Private: ~$200K+
Lifetime care costs for special needs dependents

Childcare Costs (for stay-at-home parent coverage)

Cost to replace stay-at-home parent services
Automatically calculated from children's ages
Enter ages to automatically calculate years of childcare needed

Your Life Insurance Need

$0

Recommended coverage amount (DIME Method)

$0
$0
$0
$0

DIME Method Breakdown

Component Amount Explanation

Term vs Whole Life Cost Comparison

Based on your calculated coverage need, here's the estimated cost difference:

✅ Term Life Insurance

Estimated Monthly Cost:

$0
  • Coverage for specific term (10-30 years)
  • Much lower premiums
  • No cash value
  • Best for most people
  • Simple and straightforward

⚠️ Whole Life Insurance

Estimated Monthly Cost:

$0
  • Lifetime coverage
  • 10-15x more expensive
  • Cash value component with low returns
  • High commissions for agents
  • Often not recommended

💰 The "Invest the Difference" Strategy

If you choose term life and invest the premium savings, you'd have an extra $0 per month to invest. Over 30 years at 8% returns, this grows to approximately $0—far more than the cash value of a whole life policy.

📊 Visual Comparison: Term + Investments vs. Whole Life

This chart shows the dramatic difference between choosing term life insurance and investing the premium savings versus whole life insurance over 20 years. The blue line shows your net position with term life (coverage + invested savings), while the red line shows the typical whole life cash value.

💡 Key Insight:

By choosing term life and investing the difference in a low-cost index fund, you maintain the same death benefit protection PLUS build substantial wealth. After 20 years in this example, you have the life insurance coverage your family needs AND approximately $0 in investments that you fully own and control. With whole life, you'd have roughly $0 in cash value that you'd have to borrow against (and pay interest) to access.

📉 The Inflation Problem with Whole Life Insurance

Critical Issue: The death benefit in a whole life policy is fixed and does NOT increase with inflation. A $500,000 policy today will still pay out $500,000 in 30 years—but that money will only buy what $226,000 buys today (assuming 3% annual inflation).

This chart shows how the real purchasing power of a whole life insurance death benefit erodes over time due to inflation, while term life allows you to adjust coverage as needed and invest the savings to keep pace with inflation.

⚠️ The Hidden Cost:

In 30 years, your "permanent" whole life coverage will be worth less than half its original value in real dollars. Meanwhile, with term life, you can reassess your needs every 10-20 years and adjust coverage while your invested premium savings grow faster than inflation. By retirement, you won't need life insurance anymore—you'll be self-insured through the wealth you've built.

Current Coverage Assessment

📈 Life Insurance Strategies

🪜 Life Insurance Laddering

What it is: Instead of buying one large policy, you purchase multiple smaller policies with different term lengths that align with when your coverage needs decline.

Example: If you need $1 million coverage but that need decreases over time:

  • Policy 1: $300,000 10-year term (covers immediate needs until youngest child is school-age)
  • Policy 2: $400,000 20-year term (covers through college years)
  • Policy 3: $300,000 30-year term (covers until retirement when mortgage is paid off)

Benefits:

  • Lower average premium costs compared to a single 30-year $1M policy
  • Aligns coverage with actual needs as they decline
  • Flexibility to cancel or adjust individual policies as circumstances change
  • Avoids over-insuring in later years when needs are lower

🔄 Return of Premium (ROP) Term Life

What it is: A term life policy that returns all premiums paid if you outlive the term.

The Reality: ROP policies typically cost 2-3x more than regular term life. You're essentially paying extra for a forced savings account with a terrible return rate.

Better Strategy: Buy regular term life and invest the premium difference. You'll end up with far more money even if you outlive the policy.

⏱️ Buy Insurance When Young and Healthy

Premiums are based primarily on age and health at the time of purchase. A 25-year-old non-smoker pays dramatically less than a 35-year-old for the same coverage, and the rate is locked in for the entire term.

Strategy: If you know you'll need life insurance (married, planning kids, have a mortgage), buy it as early as possible. The younger and healthier you are, the lower your locked-in rates for decades.

Warning: Don't buy coverage you don't need yet. Only buy when you actually have dependents or financial obligations to protect.

🔄 Convert Term to Permanent (If Truly Needed)

Many term policies include a conversion option that allows you to convert to permanent coverage without a medical exam before age 65-70.

When this makes sense: If you develop a health condition that would make you uninsurable and you still have dependents or obligations to protect, conversion preserves your ability to maintain coverage.

For most people: You won't need this. By the time term coverage expires, you should be financially independent with no dependents and no need for life insurance.

💼 Coordinate with Employer Coverage

Many employers provide free or low-cost group term life insurance, typically 1-2x your annual salary. This is great as a baseline, but rarely sufficient.

Strategy: Use employer coverage as a foundation, then purchase individual term policies to fill the gap. Individual policies are portable (you keep them if you change jobs) and often cheaper than employer supplemental coverage.

Important: Never rely solely on employer coverage. If you lose your job due to illness or injury (exactly when you need insurance most), you lose the coverage too.

👨‍👩‍👧 Life Insurance for Stay-at-Home Parents

One of the biggest mistakes families make is underinsuring—or completely failing to insure—the stay-at-home parent. While they may not bring in a paycheck, their economic value is substantial and their loss would create significant financial burden.

The Hidden Value of Stay-at-Home Parents

Consider what you'd have to pay to replace the services a stay-at-home parent provides:

  • Childcare: $15,000-$30,000+ per year depending on age and number of children
  • After-school care: $5,000-$10,000 per year
  • Summer care/camps: $3,000-$8,000 per year
  • Housekeeping services: $5,000-$12,000 per year
  • Meal preparation: Eating out more frequently adds $5,000-$10,000+ per year
  • Transportation coordinator: Driving to activities, appointments, school events
  • Household manager: Bills, scheduling, coordinating repairs, managing family logistics

Total realistic replacement cost: $30,000-$60,000 per year or more, depending on family size and ages of children.

Calculating Stay-at-Home Parent Coverage

Recommended approach: Calculate the cost to replace their services until your youngest child turns 18, plus funeral expenses and any shared debt.

Formula:

  • Annual childcare/household costs × Years until youngest is 18
  • + Share of household debts (mortgage, car loans, etc.)
  • + Funeral and final expenses ($15,000-$20,000)
  • - Existing savings allocated for this purpose

Example: Family with children ages 3 and 6:

  • $35,000/year childcare × 15 years = $525,000
  • + $150,000 (half of remaining mortgage)
  • + $15,000 funeral expenses
  • = $690,000 recommended coverage

💡 Why This Often Gets Overlooked

Families often think "We only need insurance on the breadwinner," but this ignores the reality that the working spouse would face impossible choices without the stay-at-home parent:

  • Quit their job or reduce hours to care for children (losing income exactly when they need it most)
  • Pay for full-time childcare and household services while trying to work full-time
  • Rely on family members who may not be available or willing long-term
  • Attempt to juggle everything alone, leading to burnout and reduced job performance

Life insurance on the stay-at-home parent provides the financial resources to hire help and maintain stability during an incredibly difficult time.

Special Considerations

Homeschooling families: If the stay-at-home parent homeschools, add the cost of private school tuition or a private tutor to your calculation. This could add $10,000-$30,000+ per child per year.

Special needs children: If caring for a child with special needs, the replacement costs are significantly higher and may extend beyond age 18. Consider lifetime care costs and specialized support services.

Primary caregiver for elderly parents: If the stay-at-home parent also cares for aging parents, factor in the cost of professional care services.

⚠️ Author's Bias Alert

It's probably obvious throughout this page that I am heavily FOR term insurance and against whole life/universal life insurance policies. Now, I'm not saying whole life never makes sense—but the exceptions are so rare that I can almost say it never makes sense. The costs are extraordinarily high, and you typically have far more flexibility and growth potential by investing the difference between the cost of a term policy and a whole life policy.

I'm also deeply suspicious of any financial product where the salesperson has a massive incentive to push it. Whole life policies pay some of the highest commissions in the financial industry—often 50-100% of your first year's premiums go directly to the agent. That creates a powerful motivation to sell whole life even when it's not in your best interest.

Here are my two critical cautions:

⚠️ Caution #1: Don't Rush to Cancel Existing Policies

If you already have a whole life policy, don't just rush to cancel it. These policies can be complex, and canceling at the wrong time could result in significant losses. Talk with a qualified financial advisor—preferably not the one who sold it to you if that's the case—to get a second opinion on whether it actually makes sense for your situation and to explore strategies for transitioning away from it if that's what they recommend.

✅ Caution #2: Get Independent, Fiduciary Advice

If you're considering whole life insurance, please consult with a financial advisor who has a fiduciary responsibility to put your interests first. Not all financial advisors are fiduciaries—some are simply salespeople who can legally recommend products that benefit them more than you. For guidance on finding qualified, trustworthy financial professionals, check out my .

💭 My Life Insurance Journey

You might be surprised that I wasn't always pro-term and anti-whole life insurance. In fact, when my wife and I first saw a financial advisor, I walked in with all the confidence of someone who had done absolutely no research and was about to make a terrible decision.

We didn't even have kids yet, but the advisor recommended we get life insurance to protect each other and have coverage in place if we started a family soon—plus we could lock in a lower rate while we were young and healthy. Smart advice. He laid out the two main types of life insurance policies, and I listened intently.

Then I confidently declared: "I definitely want a whole life policy because I don't want to throw away money that I won't get back."

Yeah. I fell into that trap.

Thankfully, our advisor was patient, professional, and actually had our best interests at heart. He calmly nudged me toward the term policy and rationally explained the advantages—basically everything I've laid out on this page. And boy, am I glad he did. That lower payment gave us so much more flexibility. That extra breathing room helped us save for a down payment on our house, cover repairs when things broke (and oh, did they break), and gave us a financial cushion when both of us were furloughed during COVID. The term policy was definitely the way to go.

Looking back, I realize what an incredible display of integrity that was. I had basically handed him a high commission on a silver platter. He was licensed to sell me a whole life policy. He had a sucker practically demanding that he sell it to me and land a huge commission. But instead, he chose to look out for me. He put my best interests first, even though it meant a significantly smaller commission for himself. That's the kind of financial advisor you want on your team—someone who will tell you what you need to hear, not what they want to sell.

Fast-Forward a Decade: The Insurance Ladder Strategy

Fast-forward ten years, and our lives had changed drastically. Our incomes had risen. We'd moved from an apartment to a house. We had three kids with a fourth on the way. Add in the massive inflation after COVID, and that original $500,000 term policy just wasn't going to cut it anymore.

This is why periodic reviews are so critical. We decided to implement a term insurance ladder strategy—essentially layering multiple policies with different expiration dates to match when we'd need the most coverage. Here's how it works:

Our Policy Structure:

  • First policy: $500,000 lasting until 2044 (when our oldest would be 23 and our youngest 18)
  • Second policy: $1,000,000 lasting until 2046 (when our oldest would be 25 and our youngest 20)

The Coverage Timeline:

  • 2019-2025: $500,000 coverage (just the first policy)
  • 2026-2044: $1,500,000 coverage (both policies combined—our peak expense years!)
  • 2045-2046: $1,000,000 coverage (first policy expired, second still active)
  • 2047+: We'll reassess and potentially add a shorter-term policy for less money to bridge until we're "self-insured"

This strategy gave us maximum coverage during the years when we'd have multiple kids in college simultaneously—the most expensive phase of our financial life—while allowing coverage to step down as the kids became financially independent.

You might wonder why we didn't extend coverage longer past college. Simple: we want to wait a few years and then reassess. We'll evaluate whether it makes sense to add a shorter-term policy for a smaller amount to carry us until our youngest is fully established and we're truly "self-insured." The goal is flexibility, not locking ourselves into decades of unnecessary premiums.

📊 Our Life Insurance Ladder Timeline

Policy 1: $500,000
2019-2044 (25 years)
Policy 2: $1,000,000
2026-2046 (20 years)
Peak Coverage: $1,500,000
2026-2044 (18 years)
2019
Policy 1
2021
House
paid off
2026
Policy 2
2039
Kid 1
college
2044
Policy 1
expires
2046
Policy 2
expires
2048
Kid 4
graduates

Key Milestones:

🏠 2021: House paid off
🎓 2039-2044: All 4 kids in college
🎯 2048: Last child graduates

Does it sting a little getting a policy a decade later when rates are higher? Sure. But in the long run, our family is protected, and it was still vastly cheaper than getting a whole life policy would have been. Plus, we have the flexibility to adjust our strategy as circumstances change—something you simply don't get with whole life policies that lock you into decades of inflexible, expensive premiums.

✅ Critical Action Steps

Knowing how much insurance you need is only the first step. Here are the essential actions to ensure your coverage actually protects your family:

Take These Steps Now

  • 1. Name Your Beneficiaries Correctly

    Designate primary and contingent beneficiaries. Be specific with full legal names and relationships. Review beneficiaries after major life events (marriage, divorce, births, deaths). Never name minor children directly—the money will be tied up in court until they're 18.

  • 2. Coordinate with Your Estate Plan

    Life insurance needs to work in tandem with your will and other estate planning documents. If you have minor children, set up a trust to manage insurance proceeds until they're old enough to handle the money responsibly.

    📋

  • 3. Tell Someone Where Your Policy Is & Who Has Guardianship

    Keep your policy documents somewhere safe and tell your spouse or trusted family member where to find them. Include policy information in your estate planning documents. Consider a digital copy in secure cloud storage.

    Critical: Make sure family members know not just where the policy is, but also the contact information for the insurance company and policy number. If you have minor children, ensure guardians named in your will know they've been designated and have copies of relevant documents. Consider keeping a "Financial Emergency Binder" with all critical documents and instructions in one place.

  • 4. Review Coverage Annually

    Set a calendar reminder each year (or after major life events) to review if your coverage amount is still appropriate. Update if you have more children, buy a house, increase income, or pay off debts.

  • 5. Don't Rely Solely on Employer Coverage

    Employer group life insurance often isn't portable—you lose it if you leave the company. Get individual term coverage to ensure you're always protected regardless of employment changes.

    Critical timing issue: If you wait until you leave your job to get individual coverage, you'll be older and potentially in worse health, meaning significantly higher premiums than if you'd locked in rates when younger. A healthy 30-year-old might pay $50/month for $500K coverage, while that same person at 45 with high blood pressure could pay $200+/month for the same coverage—or be declined entirely.

  • 6. Shop Around and Compare Quotes

    Life insurance rates vary significantly between companies. Get quotes from at least 3-5 highly-rated insurers. Consider working with an independent agent who can compare multiple carriers (but avoid agents who only push whole life).

    Quick tip: Services like PolicyGenius allow you to compare quotes from 30+ top-rated insurers in minutes without pressure sales tactics. This can save you hours of research and potentially hundreds of dollars per year by finding the best rate for your specific situation.

  • 7. Be Honest on Your Application

    Lying about health conditions, smoking status, or dangerous hobbies can result in denied claims when your family needs the money most. If you have health issues, work with an agent experienced in high-risk cases.

  • 8. Understand the Contestability Period

    Most policies have a 2-year contestability period where the insurer can investigate claims. After 2 years, coverage is nearly guaranteed barring premium non-payment or fraud.

🔍 Ready to Compare Rates?

Now that you know how much coverage you need, it's time to shop around and compare quotes from multiple highly-rated insurers. Getting quotes from 5+ companies ensures you find the best rate for your situation.

We recommend PolicyGenius as an excellent starting point for comparing life insurance rates. They're an independent marketplace that:

  • Compare quotes from 30+ top-rated insurance companies in minutes
  • No pressure sales tactics - they're not commission-based agents
  • Free service with licensed advisors to answer questions
  • Transparent process - see exactly what you're getting
  • Highly rated by consumers (4.7+ stars, 10,000+ reviews)

Note: This is not a paid endorsement. We recommend PolicyGenius because they provide a transparent, consumer-friendly way to compare multiple carriers. You can also get quotes directly from individual insurance companies or work with a local independent agent.

🎯 Key Takeaways

  • Life insurance protects your family, not you. It replaces your income and economic value to ensure your dependents maintain their standard of living if you die unexpectedly. If people depend on your income or services, you need coverage.
  • Term life insurance is the right choice for 95%+ of people. It provides pure protection at affordable rates. Whole life is dramatically more expensive, earns poor returns, and primarily benefits the insurance agent through high commissions.
  • Most families are dramatically underinsured. Employer-provided coverage (typically 1-2x salary) is nowhere near adequate for families with children. Calculate your actual needs using the DIME method, not insurance industry rules of thumb.
  • Stay-at-home parents need substantial coverage too. The cost to replace their childcare, household management, and family coordination services can exceed $30,000-$60,000 per year. Don't skip insurance just because they don't earn a paycheck.
  • Buy when young and healthy to lock in low rates. Premiums are based on age and health at purchase and remain fixed for the term. The difference between buying at 25 vs 35 can be thousands of dollars over the life of the policy.
  • Name beneficiaries correctly and coordinate with estate planning. Never name minor children directly as beneficiaries—set up a trust. Keep policy documents accessible and review beneficiaries after major life events. Ensure your estate plan documents work together.
  • "Buy term and invest the difference" beats whole life mathematically. The premium savings from choosing term over whole life, when invested in index funds or retirement accounts, will leave you far wealthier than the cash value of a whole life policy.
  • Life insurance is cheaper than you think. 67% of people overestimate costs by 3x or more. A $1 million term policy for a healthy 35-year-old costs less than most streaming service subscriptions—there's no excuse to remain uninsured.

📚 Life Insurance Glossary

Policy Basics

Beneficiary

The person or entity designated to receive the death benefit when the insured person dies. You can name primary beneficiaries (first in line) and contingent beneficiaries (backup if primary is deceased). Always keep beneficiary designations updated after major life events.

Whole Life

Cash Value

The savings component built into whole life and universal life insurance policies. Only a portion of your premium goes toward building cash value (typically 30-40%), and it grows slowly (often 1-3% after fees). With term life insurance, there is no cash value—all premiums go toward pure insurance protection.

Policy Basics

Contestability Period

The first 2 years after a policy is issued, during which the insurance company can investigate and potentially deny claims if they discover material misrepresentations on your application. After 2 years, the policy is generally incontestable except for non-payment of premiums. This is why it's critical to be completely honest on your application.

Term Life

Convertible Term

A feature that allows you to convert your term life policy to a permanent policy (whole or universal life) without a medical exam, typically before age 65-70. This can be valuable if you develop health issues that would make you uninsurable, though most people won't need this feature.

Policy Basics

Death Benefit

The amount of money paid to your beneficiaries when you die, also called the "face amount" or "coverage amount." This is tax-free to your beneficiaries. With term life, the death benefit remains level throughout the term. With whole life, it stays fixed (and doesn't increase with inflation).

Calculation

DIME Method

A formula for calculating life insurance needs: Debt (all debts including mortgage), Income (years of income replacement needed), Mortgage (typically included in debt), Education (college costs for children). Add these up and subtract existing savings and insurance to find your coverage gap.

Policy Basics

Face Amount

Another term for the death benefit or coverage amount—the dollar amount the policy will pay out when the insured person dies. For example, a "$500,000 policy" has a face amount of $500,000.

Policy Basics

Grace Period

A period (typically 30-31 days) after a missed premium payment during which your coverage remains in force. If you die during the grace period, the death benefit is paid minus the overdue premium. After the grace period, the policy lapses if payment isn't received.

Coverage Types

Group Life Insurance

Life insurance provided by an employer or organization to a group of people. It's typically 1-2x your annual salary and is often free or low-cost. Major limitation: it's not portable, so you lose coverage if you leave the employer. Never rely solely on group coverage.

Underwriting

Guaranteed Issue

Life insurance that requires no medical exam or health questions—anyone can qualify regardless of health status. The trade-offs: much higher premiums, lower coverage amounts (typically under $25,000), and often a waiting period before full benefits kick in. Only consider if you're truly uninsurable.

Policy Basics

Insured

The person whose life is covered by the insurance policy. When the insured person dies, the death benefit is paid to the beneficiaries. The insured is not always the policy owner (though they usually are).

Policy Basics

Lapse

When a policy terminates due to non-payment of premiums. If a policy lapses, you lose all coverage and any cash value that hasn't been withdrawn. Some policies allow reinstatement within a certain timeframe, but you may need to requalify medically.

Term Life

Level Premium

A premium that stays the same throughout the policy term. Most term life policies have level premiums—for example, a 20-year term with a $100/month premium means you pay $100/month for all 20 years. This makes budgeting easy and locks in your rate.

Riders

Living Benefits / Accelerated Death Benefit

A rider that allows you to access a portion of your death benefit while still alive if diagnosed with a terminal illness (typically given 12-24 months to live). The money accessed reduces what your beneficiaries receive. Many policies include this rider at no extra cost.

Underwriting

Medical Exam

A health screening required by most insurance companies for larger coverage amounts (typically over $250,000-$500,000). Includes blood work, urine sample, blood pressure, height/weight, and health history. The exam is free and usually done at your home or office. Results determine your health class and premium rates.

Coverage Types

Permanent Insurance

Life insurance that lasts your entire life as long as premiums are paid. Includes whole life, universal life, and variable life. These policies are 10-15x more expensive than term life for the same death benefit and are rarely appropriate for most people.

Policy Basics

Policy Owner

The person who owns the policy and has the right to make changes (update beneficiaries, borrow against cash value, cancel the policy, etc.). Usually the insured person is also the policy owner, but not always. The owner pays the premiums and controls the policy.

Policy Basics

Premium

The amount you pay (typically monthly, quarterly, or annually) to keep your life insurance policy in force. Premiums are based on your age, health status, coverage amount, policy term, and tobacco use. Term life premiums are dramatically lower than permanent insurance premiums.

Term Life

Renewable Term

A term life policy that can be renewed at the end of the term without a medical exam, though premiums increase significantly based on your attained age. Most people don't renew—instead, they either convert to permanent insurance, buy a new term policy, or no longer need coverage by the time the term ends.

Riders

Riders

Additional benefits you can add to a life insurance policy for an extra cost (or sometimes free). Common riders include: waiver of premium (if you become disabled), accelerated death benefit (access to death benefit if terminally ill), child rider (coverage for children), and accidental death benefit (extra payout if death is accidental).

Underwriting

Simplified Issue

Life insurance that requires health questions but no medical exam. Coverage amounts are typically limited (under $500,000), and premiums are higher than fully underwritten policies. Can be a good option for minor health issues, but if you're healthy, a fully underwritten policy with medical exam will be cheaper.

Whole Life

Surrender Value

The amount you receive if you cancel a whole life or universal life policy. This is the cash value minus any surrender charges (which can be substantial in the first 10-15 years). Term life has no surrender value because it has no cash value component.

Coverage Types

Term Life Insurance

Life insurance that provides coverage for a specific period (term), typically 10, 15, 20, or 30 years. If you die during the term, beneficiaries receive the death benefit. If you outlive the term, coverage ends (though policies can often be renewed or converted). Term life is pure protection with no cash value—and the right choice for 95%+ of people who need life insurance.

Underwriting

Underwriting

The process insurance companies use to evaluate your risk and determine your premiums. Factors include: age, health status, tobacco use, family medical history, occupation, and hobbies. The healthier you are, the lower your premiums. For large policies, underwriting includes a medical exam and review of medical records.

Coverage Types

Universal Life Insurance

A type of permanent insurance with flexible premiums and death benefits. Includes a cash value component that grows based on interest rates. While more flexible than whole life, it's still dramatically more expensive than term life and has poor returns on the cash value. Rarely appropriate for most people.

Riders

Waiver of Premium

A rider that waives your premium payments if you become totally disabled and unable to work. Your coverage continues without you having to pay premiums during the disability period. This rider typically adds 5-10% to your premium cost. Worth considering if you don't have adequate disability insurance.

Coverage Types

Whole Life Insurance

A type of permanent life insurance that provides coverage for your entire life (as long as premiums are paid) and builds cash value. The death benefit and premiums are typically fixed. Problem: It costs 10-15x more than term life for the same death benefit, has poor returns on cash value (1-3% after fees), and agents push it because of huge commissions (50-110% of first year premium). Appropriate for fewer than 1% of people.